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What is Diabetes?
Common Types of Diabetes
Types 1 Diabetes
Types 2 Diabetes
Cause of Diabetes
Cause of Type 1 diabetes:
1. destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.
2. Immune system mistakenly attacks.
Cause of Type 2 diabetes:
1. overweight or obese increases your risk of diabetes.
2. age 45 or older
3. Low physically activity
4. high blood pressure
5. high cholesterol
Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes Test
1. Random blood sugar test:
blood sample will be taken at a random time.a blood sugar level of 200 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) — 11.1 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) — or higher suggests diabetes.
2. Fasting blood sugar test:
A blood sample will be taken after an overnight fast. A fasting blood sugar level less than 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) is normal. A fasting blood sugar level from 100 to 125 mg/dL (5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L) is considered prediabetes. If it’s 126 mg/dL (7 mmol/L) or higher on two separate tests, you have diabetes.
3. Oral glucose tolerance test:
For this test, you fast overnight, Then you drink a sugary liquid, and blood sugar levels are tested periodically for the next two hours.
A blood sugar level less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) is normal. A reading between 140 and 199 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L and 11.0 mmol/L) indicates prediabetes. A reading of more than 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) after two hours indicates diabetes.
4. Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test:
This blood test indicates your average blood sugar level for the past two to three months. It measures the percentage of blood sugar attached to hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells.
Below A1C 5.7 is considered normal.An A1C between 5.7 and 6.4 % indicates prediabetes.A1C level of 6.5% or higher on two separate tests indicates that you have diabetes.
Diabetic Friendly food
Vegetables : none starchy: includes broccoli, carrots, greens, peppers, and tomatoes
starchy: includes sweet potatoes, corn, and green peas
Fruits : includes oranges, melon, berries, apples, bananas, and grapes
Grains : should be whole grains
includes wheat, rice, oats, cornmeal, barley, and quinoa.
Protein : lean meat,chicken or turkey without the skin, fish, eggs,nuts and peanuts,dried beans and certain peas.
Dairy : nonfat or low fat milk,yogurt,cheese
Diabetic Friendly Diet (Meals)
Breakfast
1. Low carb smoothies.
2. Wheat bran cereal.
3. Cottage cheese.
4. Fruits and Nuts.
5. Multigrain toast.
6. Tofu scramble.
7. Nuts butter.
8. Eggs.
Lunch
1. Lean Meat and Cheese Sandwich on Whole-Grain Bread.
2. Low-Sodium Bean Soup With a Cheese Stick and Sunflower Seeds.
3. Whole-Grain Pasta With Lean Protein and Veggies.
4. Green Salad With Quinoa and Low-Sugar Dressing.
5. Homemade Veggie Stir-Fry With Brown Rice.
6. Deconstructed Sushi Rolls.
7. Whole-Wheat Wrap With Lean Protein and Avocado.
8. Low-Fat Cottage Cheese With Berries and an English Muffin.
Snack
1. Yogurt with Berries.
2. Veggies and Hummus.
3. Roasted Chickpeas.
4. Cottage Cheese.
5. Almond.
6. Whole-Grain Crackers.
7. Chia Seed Pudding.
8. Black Bean Salad.
Dinner
1. Chicken Veggie Stir-Fry.
2. Vegetarian Lentil Tacos.
3. General Tso’s Chicken.
4. Lemon Garlic Salmon.
5. Mexican Chopped Salad.
6. Easy Quinoa Salad.
7. Chicken Noodle Soup.
8. Mediterranean Low-Carb Broccoli Salad.
Diabetic Friendly Exercise
1. Yoga
2. Calisthenics exercise
3. Aerobic Exercise
4. Resistance Training Exercise
5. Swimming, Cycling, Walking, dancing
6. Pilates exercise
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